Printing Inks And Coatings (Graphic Arts Technology pathway)

SYLLABUS

Theoretical module: Initially, a brief historical overview of the printing materials is given, followed by a presentation of the materials used in modern printing inks, as they vary based on the different types of printing substrates and the techniques with which they are applied. The composition of the inks based on the pigments and their carrier is studied, and in more detail the chemical composition, and the origin and characteristics of the ink components, the properties and uses of the pigments, the fats, the resins, the solvents, additives for printing inks and varnishes and coatings. The stages and ways of making inks, the methods of mixing and dispersing are presented. Then the methods and mechanisms of drying and curing of the inks and coating materials are developed. The mechanical, physical and chemical properties of inks are studied. The flow properties of fluid inks and the optical properties and strengths of printed inks are examined in detail. The classic – conventional but also the modern – innovative applications and the possibilities of the use of the advanced types of inks are presented (based on the modern legislation, standards, regulations regarding the sustainability and the viability of the new products). The categories of inks and coatings are studied: Liquid inks and dry toners. Also, the special type of inks and coatings (Thermochromic, conductive inks, materials and printing techniques for special effects, etc.) to create modern printing effects. The basic principles of quality control and measurements of ink properties before and after printing are presented.

Laboratorial module: 
In this part part of the course there is a demonstration and acquaintance with the basic ingredients and the methods of mixing and dispersing pigments and the stages of ink production. The regulations, standards, role of MSDS and TDS are explained, based on which the basic components of inks and coating varnishes are selected, in order to ensure their proper management at all stages from receipt and storage, to printing and their disposal or recycling. Next, the basic principles governing the quality control and testing of the properties of liquid inks (when selecting, supplying, storing, and pre-printing) are analyzed, such as viscosity, drying speed, stability, foaming, etc. The following is the assessment of the resistance of printed inks to physical, chemical and mechanical stresses (control of resistance to light, alkalis, detergents and soaps, fats-oils and solvents, control of adhesion and assessment of resistance to friction, engraving, etc.). The visual characteristics and properties are evaluated, such as gloss, opacity, color characteristics of printed inks and coating varnishes. Testing of different types of inks on different types of substrates is performed with laboratory printing devices that resemble different printing methods. Experimental data is recorded and processed, price tables and curves are constructed, and a technical reference-work report is written.

ATTACHED BIBLIOGRAPHY

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International Sources

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MODULE CONTENT